Using Suitable Models Identify The Customer Perceived Value Marketing Essay

Using Suitable Models Identify The Customer Perceived Value Marketing Essay Tesco is the largest food retailer in UK and it is amongst worlds top 5 largest retailers by  annual sales  behind  Wal-Mart  and  Carrefour. It started in 1919 and now it operates more than 3000 stores in UK and it also has stores in rest of Europe, North America and Asia. This company is multi category that also runs telecom and banking services apart from food retailing but for the purpose of this paper the focus will be will be on customer perceived values for the customers of TESCO. Tesco is based on trust and respect. They have learnt over the years that if customers like their offers, then there is higher rate of possibility that they will come back and shop with them again. So they will do every possible thing to retain their valued customers. 1.2 Vision of TESCO Tescos vision is to be most highly valued by the customers they serve, the communities in which they operate, their loyal and committed staff and their shareholders, to be a growing company, a modern and innovative company and winning locally and applying their skills globally. 1.3 Customer Perceived Value The Customer Perceived value of a product is the customers evaluation of all the benefits gained against all the cost of a product or service. Zeithaml defines customer perceived value as consumers overall assessment of the utility of a product based on perceptions of what is received and what is given. Though what is received varies customer to customer because some people want only quantity other may want quality in the specific product, similarly what is given also varies customer to customer like some people are only concerned with the price of the product others may be concerned with the time and efforts they are putting in to buy the product. (Source: Zeithaml, V. A., 1998 Consumer Perceptions of Price, Quality, and Value: A Means-End Model and Synthesis of Evidence Journal of Marketing 52 (July): 2-22) In simple words customer perceived value is the benefits you get after your sacrifices. It is often expressed as the equation: Customer perceived value = Perceived Benefits Perceived Sacrifice Benefits = attributes of core product/service and supporting services, perceived quality and price Sacrifice = customer costs involved in purchasing, such as time, travel, repairing faulty work, etc. NOT just price. Perceived Benefit Perceived Sacrifice Price Money Quality Time Status Effort Convenience Psychic cost Talking about TESCO, benefits associated with perceived value are: †¢ Price: Customers get great saving offers when purchasing their favourite products in Tesco. †¢ Quality: At Tesco, quality and freshness has always meant handpicked groceries carefully packed so customer knows every item is carefully checked before it reaches them. †¢ Status: Being UKs biggest retailer Tesco has a very high status amongst the customers and it has great goodwill in the market so customers are aware of the prestige of the company. †¢ Convenience: Tesco has got many facilities for its customers like online shopping, home delivery, self-billing counters and wide range of products to choose from plus now it is introducing free Wi-Fi in the stores for its customers so that they can keep connected to internet always. Sacrifices associated with perceived value are: †¢ Money: if consumer find the cost of product higher than expected, they need to decide if it is worth taking or not. †¢ Time: it is the amount of time consumer has to spend on finding and purchasing the product in Tesco. †¢ Effort: involves the physical energy devoted by people to find products that suits their needs in the store so it takes efforts to do shopping also. †¢ Psychic Cost: shopping is stressful and frustrating experience and Perceived risk is considered for the performance of the product (will it do the job), physical (may be bodily harm done by the product), financial (danger of economic loss from the purchase). 1.4 Holbrooks typology of consumer perceived value Extrinsic Intrinsic Active Efficiency (O/l, Convenience) Play (Fun) Self-Oriented Reactive Excellence (Quality) Aesthetics (Beauty) Active Status (Success, Impression Management) Ethics (Virtue, Justice, Morality) Other-Oriented Reactive Esteem (Reputation, Materialism, Possessions) Spirituality (Faith, Ecstasy, Sacredness, Magic) Source: Holbrook, M. B., 1999 Consumer Value: A framework for analysis and research. If we first consider extrinsic versus intrinsic, there will be higher extrinsic value for the customers of Tesco because they emphasise on the end result of their purchase. Talking about self-oriented and other-oriented it is seen that here focus is on self-oriented more while shopping in Tesco because the customer is doing it for his or her own purpose or objective. When we come to the final part of Holbrooks framework, active versus reactive, it is seen that customers of Tesco are from different cultures and societies so they prefer different type of food material like Chinese would prefer Chinese food and Indian will prefer Indian food so it is difficult to keep all the customers happy at once but for customers reactive is more important. What Holbrooks framework does enable is the ability to identify the key values of customers, and in the case of Tesco, whilst it can be stated that the customer perceived value is multidimensional, the application of the typology of consumer value identifies two key values, efficiency and excellence. 02) Critically evaluate the existing value proposition for the one you have chosen. Compare and contrast the value proposition with that of the leading competitor in its sector. 2.1 Value Proposition It is defined as an analysis or statement of the combination of goods and services offered by a company to its customers in exchange for payment (Investopedia, n.d.). It is actually a promise of value of the company to deliver the services that the customers expect to experience in the future. Tescos Market strategy: Tesco  focused  to  develop  the UK market as it is their  biggest  business  in the group. As for the worldwide  market, Tescos  objective is  to be a  spectacular  retail  store  in the world as well as online. Tesco  kept  its  customers  through  numerous  ways. One of it is through the Tesco Club-card program.  Tesco has been very inventive in the Customer Loyalty field. The loyalty programs they have  developed  have kept  customers attached  to their brand. Tesco had the  dreams  to  know its customers and  their  need and it  was the key to  customer loyalty  and satisfaction. This  Club-card  has  changed  Tescos  connection with its  customers  and the  data  from the database tour guides  all the key  decisions to be taken for company. The loyalty club-card design permits for  numerous  advantages  one of which is  aimed at  communication. There are more than 4 million variations of its quarterly  customer  mailing to  double-check  that its offers and discounts  are according  to their individual customer. Hence, this  scheme  assists  to keep its present buyer and bring a feel of  commitment  to the organization. The  advantages  of this loyalty scheme  will  apply  to new  customers  and  assist  Tesco to gain  larger  market share.

Democratic and Undemocratic Aspects of the Constitutional Convention :: American America History

Democratic and Undemocratic Aspects of the Constitutional Convention The Articles of Confederation was the first government of the United States. The Articles had created a very weak national government. At the time the Articles were approved, they had served the will of the people. Americans had just fought a war to get freedom from a great national authority--King George III (Patterson 34). But after this government was put to use, it was evident that it was not going to keep peace between the states. The conflicts got so frequent and malicious that George Washington wondered if the â€Å"United† States should be called a Union (Patterson 35). Shays’ Rebellion finally made it evident to the public that the government needed a change. A group of men with political power and status, an elite by definition, got together and decided the solution to the problem of government was to have a group of men evaluate the Articles and make the proper changes. At least, this was what Congress thought the purpose of the Constitutional Convention was when they approved it (Patterson 37). The first step of the Constitution was undemocratic. No popular vote was taken either directly or indirectly on the proposition to approve a convention (Beard 14). The group of men who wanted the convention was skillful in getting it approved in that their proposal of it was a surprise. This gave the Federalists an upper hand. Their opponents, the Anti-Federalists, could not refuse to a discussion of possible, and perhaps necessary, reforms. By refusing, they could lose the support of the public very easily (Roche 18). The next step of the convention was more democratic, in that there were delegates sent to Philadelphia by the state legislatures (Roche 18). Since the legislatures were chosen by elections in the states, the delegates to the convention were indirectly chosen by the people. Rhode Island did not send delegates, but there was an opportunity for them to do so. They decided against sending anyone since they knew they would not be welcomed by the convention. James Madison, a delegate and one of the main supporters of a stronger national authority, had thought ahead and drew up the Virginia Plan before the convention in Philadelphia began. Thus, it became the first discussion of the committee (Roche 19).

Flight to Darwin, number 3105, now boarding

White knuckles, sweaty palms, this single seat in a line of 9 is my only safe zone, all of five minutes and we are inseparable. This aching fear, holding me down to my seat, my safe zone. Final call for flight number 3105 to Darwin. This was the day, this was the time, and this was the place where I came face to face with my biggest fear. Glued to my seat, I thought why? Why am I so afraid? Why am I sitting here, in an airport terminal unable to move from this relatively uncomfortable, plastic seat? It’s not right. I look to my surrounding, fellow flyers. Children, the elderly, mothers and fathers, all willingly ascending from their relatively uncomfortable seats, to board a completely reliable aeroplane. Such a miniscule task in one’s life journey, and I can’t even stand up. A crippling fear of flying has left me without dignity and courage, ashamed and embarrassed. But my thoughts are interrupted by the comforting sound of one of the flight attendants. â€Å"Sir? † she says, â€Å"is everything ok? Your flight is here for you†, a speechless reply on my behalf indicates that im not ‘ok’, parking herself on the seat next to me she utters, â€Å"there’s nothing to be afraid of, the skies are blue, no winds in sight, a simple, scare-free trip†. †¦ â€Å"Im trying, I really am, but I just can’t work up the courage to get up and board that god damn plane† I attempt to explain. She returns with â€Å"Nelson Mandela once said that courage is not the absence of fear, but the triumph over it. The brave man is not he who does not feel afraid, but he who conquers that fear†. I don’t know what happened there and then, but a strong epiphany occurred in that infant mind state I was entranced by, I wasn’t without courage because of my fear of flying, I was without courage because I wasn’t doing anything to overcome that fear. â€Å"For a flight attendant, you are one wise woman† I proclaimed to her. She just smiled at me and walked on to the plane, as if she knew I would follow her steps. Three deep breathes, to calm myself and double as a countdown as I rise. Stand up, chin up and smile from ear to ear. What seems like such a small achievement to most, a small step in a day to day activity, was an accomplishment of immense proportions for me. Forwarding to the gates of the plane, I get my ticket scanned, and travel down the seemingly elongated tunnel connecting to the side of the plane, greeted by the wise attendant; I embrace her luminescent, comforting aura and place myself into my allocated seat. A somewhat comfortable seat, leather exterior, cushioned interior, cup holders, earphone input, food tray and pillow. A reassuring safety speech enlightens the paranoia. The pleasant smiles beaming from the flight attendants render that this trip will be like any other average trip; no interruptions, no problems, no worries. But the slightest of fear was still sneaking through my mind, past the comforting seats, past the safety speeches, and past the wise flight attendant, and the clenching noise the doors made as they sealed closed only boosted fear through my veins. At that point in time a few traditional deep breathes were my only remedies I could think of, but not nearly enough. This time though, I was a wiser man, recalling what the flight attendant quoted. â€Å"Courage is not the absence of fear, but the triumph over it. The brave man is not he who does not feel afraid, but he who conquers that fear. † Replaying it over and over in my head, like a broken record. Courage is not the absence of fear†¦Ã¢â‚¬  And on and on†¦ Until I looked to the front of the plane, chip up, a few more deep breathes and smiled†¦ An hour and I half later, no interruptions, no problems, no worries. I walked off that plane, proud. A feeling like never before, a feeling of true courageousness. And standing there just outside that Darwin Airport in the taxi zone, I thought about how this is my new safe zone, my serenity until a new challenge awaits, however great or miniscule it may be, it is nothing compared to the courage of one’s soul .

Elementary Reaction Definition in Chemistry